Abdomen – Important Questions

Important Questions on Abdomen

 Please Click on the text highlighted in “Blue” for the answers.

Enumerate:

1. Muscles of anterior abdominal wall and their actions.
2. Arteries supplying anterior abdominal wall.
3. Contents of rectus sheath.
4. Contents of inguinal canal.
5. Boundaries of Hesselbach’s triangle.
6. coverings of direct and indirect inguinal hernias
7. Contents of spermatic cord.
8. Functions of peritoneum.
9. Intraperitoneal organs.
10. Retroperitoneal organs.
11.  Structures lying at the transpyloric plane.
12. Contents of lesser omentum.
13. Contents of linorenal ligament.
14. Contents of mesentery.
15. Structures crossed by mesentery.
16. Branches of coeliac trunk.
17. Branches of superior mesentric artery.
18. Branches of inferior menenteric artery.
19.  Branches of abdominal aorta.
20. Tributaries of inferior vena cava.
21. Tributaries of left renal vein.
22. Tributaries of portal vein.
23. Sites of portocaval anastomosis.
24. Arteries supplying stomach.
25. Structures forming stomach bed.
26. Visceral relations of spleen.
27. Visceral relations of liver.
28.  Anterior relations of right and left kidneys.
29. Posterior relations of left and right kidneys.
30.  Branches of lumbar plexus with their root value.
31. Components of  extra-hepatic biliary apparatus.
32. Various positions of the tip of appendix.
33. Posterior relations of caecum.
34. Differences between  jejunum and ileum.
35. Differences between small and large intestine.

 Short notes:

1. Lesser sac.[Click here]
2. Epiploic foramen.[Click here]
3. Lymphatic drainage of stomach
4. Subphrenic and sub hepatic spaces.[Click here]
5. Hepatorenal pouch/Morrison’s pouch.[Click here]
6. Second part of duodenum.[Click here]
7. Extrahepatic biliary apparatus.[Click here]
8. Suprarenal glands.[Click here]
9.  Thoracolumbar fascia.
10. Portocaval anastomosis.[Click here]
11. Appendix.[Click here]
12. Caecum.[Click here]
13.  Differences between direct and indirect inguinal hernias.[Click here]

Long Answer type

Q. Describe rectus sheath under the following headings. For Video [Click Here]

1.  Formation
2. Contents
3. Applied

Q. Describe inguinal canal under the following headings.

1. Location and extent
2. Boundaries
3. Contents
4.  Protective mechanisms
5. Appplied

Q. Describe stomach under the following headings:

1. Location and parts
2. Blood supply
3. Lymphatic drainage
4. Stomach bed
5. Applied anatomy.

Q. Describe pancreas under the following headings:

1. Location and parts
2. Relations
3. Arterial supply
4. Applied anatomy

Q. Describe right/left kidney under the following headings:

1. Location and extent
2.  Gross features
3. Relations
4. Applied aspect

 Draw labelled diagram of the following:

1. Formation of rectus sheath.[Click here]
2. Cross section of spermatic cord.[Click here]
3.  Vertical disposition of peritoneum.
4.  Horizontal disposition of peritoneum at the level of epiploic foramen.[Click here]
5. Arterial supply of stomach.[Click here]
6. Lymphatic drainage of stomach.[Click here]
7. Structures forming stomach bed.[Click here]
8. Various position of apex of appendix.[Click here]

Give anatomical basis of:

1. Varicocele is more common on the left side.
2. In case of paramedian incision in  anterior abdominal wall, rectus abdominis is retracted laterally.[Click here]
3. Pain  in case of appendicitis is referred to the skin around umbilicus.[Click here]
4. Caput medusae.[Click here]
5. In cholecystitis pain is referred to the tip of right shoulder.[Click here]
6. Gastric ulcers are common along the lesser curvature.[Click here]