Describe the location, size and shape of suprarenal gland.
Suprarenal glands are paired endocrine glands that secretes steroid hormones and catecholamines.
Location: Supra renal glands are located retoperitoneally between upper poles of kidneys and diaphragm.
Shape: Right adrenal gland is pyramidal in shape and left is crescentic/semilunar shaped.
Dimensions: Length: 5cm, Breadth: 3cm, Thickness: 1cm, Weight: 5 gm.
Describe the gross features of suprarenal glands.
Right adrenal gland has
- Apex
- Base
- Three borders (anterior, medial, lateral)
- Two surfaces (anterior and posterior)
Left adrenal gland has
- Two ends (upper and lower)
- Two borders (medial and lateral)
- Two surfaces (anterior and posterior)
What are the relations of suprarenal glands?
Following are the relations of right and left suprarenal glands:
Anterior relations Posterior relations Right adrenal gland Inferior vena cava Right crus of diaphragm Right love of liver Kidney Left adrenal gland Stomach Left crus of diaphragm Kidney Splenic artery Pancreas
Describe the blood supply of suprarenal glands.
Arterial supply
Each gland is supplied by three arteries.
- Superior suprarenal artery – branch of inferior phrenic artery
- Middle suprarenal artery – branch of abdominal aorta
- Inferior suprarenal artery – branch of renal artery
Venous drainage
Each adrenal gland is drained by a single vein.
- Right suprarenal vein drains into inferior vena cava.
- Left suprarenal vein drains into left renal vein.
Applied Aspect
Pheochromocytoma
It is a tumor of the medulla of adrenal gland that produce excess adrenaline. This can cause severe increase in blood pressure.
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