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What is the location and extent of Adductor canal?
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It is also known as subsartorial canal or Hunter’s canal.
Location and extent
- It is a narrow intermuscular canal located in the middle 1/3rd of the medial aspect of the thigh .
- It extends from apex of femoral triangle to the fifth osseo-aponeurotic opening in adductor magnus.
- It allows the passage of femoral vessels from femoral triangle to the popliteal fossa.
- Boundaries: Adductor canal is triangular in section and therefore has three walls.
- Anterolaterally it is bounded by vastus medialis.
- Medially (roof) it is formed by sartorius muscle beneath which lies subsartorial plexuses over a fascial sheath.
- Posteriorly it is bounded by adductor longus (in upper part) and adductor magnus (in lower part)boundaries of adductor canal.
Enumerate the contents of Adductor canal.
- Femoral artery
- Femoral vein
- Saphenous nerve
- Nerve to vastus medialis
- Branches of obturator nerve
- Descending genicular branch of femoral artery.
- All the contents enter the canal through the apex of femoral triangle but femoral vessels leave it through the opening in adductor hiatus (lower end), saphenous nerve by piercing the roof and the nerve to vastus medialis by entering vastus medialis (anterolateral wall).
Name the nerves participating in formation of subsartorial plexus.
- Saphenous nerve
- Medial cutaneous nerve of thigh
- Anterior division of obturator nerve
Applied Aspects
Ligation of femoral artery
Femoral artery can be easily approached and ligated in the adductor canal during surgery of popliteal aneurysm. Following ligation of femoral artery, blood can reach popliteal artery through the anastomotic channels around the knee. This was first described in the eighteenth century by John Hunter.
Adductor canal block
Local anaesthetic can be administered in the adductor canal to block the saphenous nerve in isolation, or together with the nerve to the vastus medialis to provide anaesthesia for procedures involving the distal thigh, knee and lower leg on the medial side.
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