Neuroanatomy – Important Questions

Neuroanatomy – Important Exam Questions

For the Answers, please click on the text highlighted in blue.

 Enumerate:

• ascending tracts  along withe the sensations carried by them.
• descending tracts along with their functions.
• arteries supplying spinal cord.
• spinal nerves forming cauda equina.
• cranial nerve attached to the medulla oblongata.
• cranial nerve nuclei located in medula oblongata.
• cranial nerve attached to the  junction of pons and medulla.
• cranial nerve nuclei located in pons.
• cranial nerve attached to the midbrain.
• cranial nerve nuclei located in  midbrain.
• functional components and nuclei of trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves.
• afferent and efferent fibers in superior, middle and inferior cerebellar peduncles.
• nuclei of cerebellum.
•  functions and  components of basal ganglia/nuclei.
• branches of vertebral artery.
• branches of basilar artery.
• branches of cerebral part of internal carotid artery.
• examples of commissural fibers.
• recesses of third ventricle.
• areas devoid of blood-brain barrier.
• components of Papez circuit.
• parts of diencephalon.
• ventral tier of thalamic nuclei.
• major hypothalamic nuclei and their functions.

 Draw labelled diagram of the following:

• transverse section of spinal cord showing important ascending and descending tracts.
• transverse section of medulla at the level of pyramidal decussation.
• transverse section of medulla at the level of sensory decussation.
• transverse section of medulla at the level of olives.
• transverse section of lower part of pons.
• transverse section of upper part of pons.
• transverse section of midbrain at the level of inferior colliculus.
• transverse section of midbrain at the level of inferior colliculus.
• floor of fourth ventricle.
• circle of willis.
• superolateral surface of cerebrum showing important sulci, gyri and functional areas.

 Write short notes on:

• blood supply of spinal cord[click here].
• arterial supply of cerebrum.
• corticospinal tract[click here].
• lateral spinothalamic tract[click here].
• posterior column tract[click here].
• spinocerebellar tracts[click here].
• internal capsule[click here].
• blood -brain barrier.
• basal ganglia/nuclei[click here]
• optic pathway
• auditory pathway.
• white matter of cerebrum[click here].
• lateral ventricle[click here].
• third ventricle[click here].
• cerebrospinal fluid secretion,circulation and absorption.
• hydrocephalus.
• cerebellar syndrome.

 Long answer type questions

Q. Describe internal capsule under the following headings:

• parts
• constituents fibers
• arterial supply
• applied

Q. Write the differences between upper and lower motor neuron paralysis.

Q. Describe corticospinal tract under the following headings:

• origin
• course
• termination
• function and applied anatomy

Write anatomical basis for signs and symptoms observed in:

• Brown-Sequard syndrome[click here]
• Syringomyelia[click here]
• Romber’s sign in tabes dorsalis[click here]
• Medial medullary syndrome[click here]
• Lateral medullary syndrome[click here]
• Pontocerebellar  angle syndrome[click here]
• Pontine haemorrhage[click here].
• Weber’s syndrome[click here].
• Argyll robertson pupil[click here].
• Parkinson’s disease[click here].
• Arnold chiari malformation.